Ideal gas thermodynamics calculator3/7/2023 ![]() Lungs are made of spongy, stretchy tissue that expands and contracts while you breathe. Your lungs take in gas that your body needs (oxygen) and get rid of waste gas (carbon dioxide). How does it work? It turns out that the gas laws apply here. What do you do about 20 times per minute for your whole life, without break, and often without even being aware of it? The answer, of course, is respiration, or breathing. What volume will it occupy at –70 ☌ and the same pressure? This answer supports our expectation from Charles’s law, namely, that raising the gas temperature (from 283 K to 303 K) at a constant pressure will yield an increase in its volume (from 0.300 L to 0.321 L).Ī sample of oxygen, O 2, occupies 32.2 mL at 30 ☌ and 452 torr. We will consider the key developments in individual relationships (for pedagogical reasons not quite in historical order), then put them together in the ideal gas law. Eventually, these individual laws were combined into a single equation-the ideal gas law-that relates gas quantities for gases and is quite accurate for low pressures and moderate temperatures. Although their measurements were not precise by today’s standards, they were able to determine the mathematical relationships between pairs of these variables (e.g., pressure and temperature, pressure and volume) that hold for an ideal gas-a hypothetical construct that real gases approximate under certain conditions. Use the ideal gas law, and related gas laws, to compute the values of various gas properties under specified conditionsĭuring the seventeenth and especially eighteenth centuries, driven both by a desire to understand nature and a quest to make balloons in which they could fly ( ), a number of scientists established the relationships between the macroscopic physical properties of gases, that is, pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of gas. ![]()
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